REAKTUALISASI PEMIKIRAN AL-GHAZALI DALAM EKONOMI SYARIAH

Abstract

The economic thought of Al-Ghazali (450-505 H/1058-1111 M) continues to offer profound insights for addressing contemporary economic challenges, with the concept of maslahah (public interest) serving as its cornerstone. This study analyzes the reactualization of Al-Ghazali's economic philosophy within modern Islamic economics, focusing on the hierarchical model of maslahah (encompassing dharuriyah, hajiyah, and tahsiniyah) and its foundational pillars economic morality, the prohibition of riba, the regulatory role of the state, and distributive justice. Employing a qualitative methodology through systematic literature review and content analysis of primary and secondary sources, this article demonstrates that Al-Ghazali’s framework provides a robust ethical and philosophical foundation for constructing an economic system that is equitable, inclusive, and sustainable. Its application in contemporary contexts such as Islamic banking, fintech, corporate governance, and fiscal policy in Indonesia reveals significant implementation challenges, including global economic complexity, tensions between theoretical ideals and practical realities, and the need for contemporary methodological development. The study concludes that a meaningful reactualization of Al-Ghazali’s thought requires the development of a systematic methodological framework to bridge classical Islamic philosophy with the realities of the 21st-century digital economy, thereby positioning Islamic economics as a viable alternative for achieving holistic human well-being.